The rhodophyta red algae are a distinct eukaryotic lineage characterized by the accessory photosynthetic pigments phycoerythrin, phycocyanin and allophycocyanins arranged in phycobilisomes, and the absence of flagella and centrioles woelkerling 1990. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Red algae phylum rhodophyta are a very large group of species that predominantly include marine, multicellular algae. Rhodophyta rodafata is made of two greek terms that mean rose rodon. A surprising aspect of red algal evolution is that sequenced genomes encode a relatively limited gene inventory 510 thousand genes when compared with other free. A group of largely multicellular, structurally complex photosynthetic organisms. This is a large group of aquatic algae with about 6000 species. The defining characteristics of phylum rhodophyta is that they possess chloroplasts, of which are not very complex, lack flagella, and have chlorophyll a and d as well as other pigments, which give these organisms a red color. Rodophyta are rich in protein and vitamins, which makes them especially useful for food. Depending on who you are listening to will determine whether they are protists or plants. Rhodophyta red algae florideophycidae 99% filamentous pseudoparenchymatous apical growth complex oogamy triphasic pit connections bangiophycidae 1% unicell, filament, blade diffuse growth simple life histories e. They contain chlorophyll and can prepare their own food by the process of photosynthesis.
Red algae rhodophyta comprise a monophyletic eukaryotic lineage of 6,500 species with a fossil record that extends back 1. Physical characteristics rhodophytes contain chlorophyll accessory pigments such as phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, and phycobilin those pigments cause rhodophytes to grow at a rapid depths by absorbing more sunlight to. The dissection of protista has been underway for many years now and the kingdom has been divided into several morenatural kingdoms. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Typification and status of lithothamnium aschersoni schwager, 1883 corallinaceae, rhodophyta from paleocene limestones of egypt. Renewing the church 2012 technology outlook for australian tertiary education acoustic fingerstyle guitar lessons achinanya agile india podcast afternoons with ricky worley analisi matematica ii. The gains of supercritical carbon dioxide co 2 extraction comprise its nonexistence of toxicity. Rhodophyta is an anciently derived lineage, constituting one of the primary plastidsbearing hosts, and provides plastids for the secondary or tertiary endosymbiosis 1. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. In fact, the oldest fossil of a eukaryotic, multicellular organism is red algae.
Are split into to group those with shells and those without, testate amoebae, which have a. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the international code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and. Progress of the taxonomic research on the macroalgae chlorophyta, phaeophyta and rhodophyta along the east african coast e. Red algae rhodophyta uses, facts, and health benefits. Moreover, some researchers believe that seaweed, in general, represents the greatest source of vitamins in the world. The rhodophyta are a moderately diverse, but extremely ancient, group of marine organisms. Red algae, or rhodophyta, are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae. Debashish bhattacharya of evolutionary history and taxonomy of red algae dr. Each of these is found in at least some stage of the life cycle of all members.
Kingdom protista was obviously polyphyletic unnaturally putting unrelated groups together. Red algae simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Pseudopods are used for movement and to capture food. Phylum rhodophyta is a classification of a specific set of red algae. Porphyra general characteristics no flagella different from other groups except. The red algae form a special group and it is characterized by having eukaryotic cells without centrioles and flagella. Origin and evolutionary history of freshwater rhodophyta. Both fresh and saltwater members of this group are comparatively few in number.
In this article we will discuss about the general features and phylogenetic relationships of rhodophyta. Red algae are mostly found in a marine environment. Although they grow in both marine and fresh water, 98% of the 6,500 species of red algae are marine. Fossil record dates back to the midproterozoic, or nearly 2 ba thus red algal fossils are among the most ancient of any eukaryote. Rhodophyte article about rhodophyte by the free dictionary. Pdf introduction of the red alga compsopogon aeruginosus j. Introduction to the rhodophyta the red algae red algae are red because of the presence of the pigment phycoerythrin. Evidence of ancient genome reduction in red algae rhodophyta. Red algae general characteristics and uses of red algae. The rhodophyta or red algae are almost entirely confined to the sea. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Another species of rhodophyta had possessed good antioxidant activity and one species from phylum chlorophyta also was shown an ability to inhibit free radical. The rhodophyta, the red algae, constitute a phylum of organisms that share the following combination of attributes.
The red algae phylum rhodophyta synthesizes a class of watersoluble pigments termed phycobilins, known to be produced only by another algae, the cryptomonads. The rhodophyta also comprises one of the largest phyla of algae, containing over 7,000 currently recognized species with taxonomic revisions ongoing. Fyt from ancient greek rhodon, meaning rose, and phyton, meaning plant, are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae. Dargent research group phycology, department of biology, university of ghent k. The thallus can be either threadlike, like in porphyra where branching arrays assemble, or bladeshaped, like in the genus porphyra to which the edible nori, known from sushi belong. Solidliquid extraction is frequently used to extract only free sterols. No, it is a red algae, phylum rhodophyta class rhodophyceae. Defining the major lineages of red algae rhodophyta pdf. Algaebase dynamic species counts shows that there are about 10,000 species of seaweeds, of which about 6,500 are red algae rhodophyta, the vast majority of which are marine. The rhodophyta also comprises one of the largest phyla of algae, containing. Hwan su yoon is currently a senior research scientist at the bigelow labora tory for ocean sciences. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. This phylum comprise two subphyla with seven classes.
They contain high amounts of fiber, protein, and minerals, thus considered an important nutritional food. Because blue light penetrates water to a greater depth than light of longer wavelengths, these pigments allow red algae to photosynthesize and live at somewhat greater depths than most other algae. The presently accepted classification of the rhodophyta having the single class rhodophyceae is the system first devised by schmitz 1883 and refined through years of painstaking work by kylin 1932 and others to a form finally adopted and presented by kylin in his monograph of 1956. Sheets of red algae are toasted and used to wrap sushi. There are probably in excess of 150,000 freeliving chromist species, the most speciose. They can look similar to corals because they secrete a calcium carbonate substance into their cell walls. Phylum rhodophyta structure mulitcellular thallus filamenteous or filmy provides a high surface area which gives them a greater ability to trap the limited amount of light that reaches them. A number of species is unicellular, but most species are multicellular.
A contribution to the synonymy and priority of the genera archaeolithothamnium rothpletz and sporolithon heydrich from. Phycoerythrin is a major associate pigment in the phylum rhodophyta, so the red color is due to its. Some of them are unicellular species that grow as filaments or membranelike sheet cells, and some multicellular coralline species deposit calcium carbonate inside and. Rhodophyta on integrated taxonomic information system.
There are approximately 6,000 species of rhodophyta. Phylum rhodophyta, class florideophyceae, order rhodymeniales, family rhodymeniaceae. Choose from 142 different sets of rhodophyta flashcards on quizlet. The majority of species are found in the florideophyceae, and mostly consist of multicellular, marine algae, including many notable seaweeds. The reference is to the red rosy color that dominates the pigments of many taxa. They have eukaryotic cells without flagella and centrioles. Rhodophyta are also farmed and harvested for use in food and gels.
Description, classification, synonyms of phylum rhodophyta red algae. Use this interactive quiz and worksheet to make sure you are aware of the most essential information about phylum rhodophyta. Further reevaluating ultrastructural characters led me to group miozoa and phylum ciliophora ciliates, suctorians as. Usa red 800 70% 589 50% 45969% brown 231 324 7 green 123 258 72. The red algae phylum rhodophyta synthesizes a class of watersoluble pigments. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Traditionally, the phylum rhodophyta has been di vided into two classes or subclasses, bangiophyceae. Both marine and freshwater taxa are represented by freeliving macroalgal. The main biomass of red algae worldwide is provided by the. They fall under the kingdom protista and phylum rhodophyta. Their chloroplasts lack external endoplasmic reticulum.
One of these is the new kingdom rhodophyta aka kingdom biliphyta, shown above as a yellow branch on the tree of life. Red algae are the oldest group of eukaryotic algae containing over 6000 species. Red algae rhodophyta rhodophyta are cosmopolitan, found from the artic to the tropics. These are found in the intertidal and in the subtidal to depths of up to 40, or occasionally, 250 m. Rhodophyta, phylum division of the kingdom protista consisting of the photosynthetic organisms commonly known as red algae full article red algae.
1169 853 241 347 86 100 516 1165 481 70 1512 706 858 1256 1327 1475 562 329 1423 219 714 1334 491 1211 838 700 1516 1063 231 252 767 1183 200 694 395 1146 1454 902 341 121 556 1324